CARIFORUM and UK EPA Study

They note for example that if a design has been sent by remote means, then this would count as Mode 1. This accords with reality and in fact is even more likely to be taking place in today’s information age, where many services are being provided remotely, and especially so now with the ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic. The Study will therefore utilise the estimates for mode 1 as suggested by the UK’s approach (Office for National Statistics, 2019).

Table 16: Mode 1 comparison between Eurostat’s simplified approach and the UK estimates from the International Trade in Services survey, percentage

Source: ONS

Mode 3 (Commercial Presence) services will be used as a proxy for investment, as this was conceived under the GATS. This will be supplemented by relevant data and indicators where available, including the ITC Investment Map dataset, though the available time series is limited and may not cover the entire period of assessment.

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